Sacred Valley

The Complete Guide

The Sacred Valley of the Incas

A complete guide to the most breathtaking destination near Cusco — its history, its living villages, and everything you should know before you go.

Why Visit

The fertile heart of the Inca Empire.

The Sacred Valley of the Incas is one of the most spectacular destinations in Peru and an essential stop for anyone traveling between Cusco and Machu Picchu. Surrounded by imposing Andean mountains, ancient archaeological sites, traditional villages and fertile farmland, this valley was one of the most important territories of the Inca Empire.

Located between Cusco and Machu Picchu, the Sacred Valley combines history, culture, nature and adventure in a single destination. Its striking landscapes, pleasant climate year-round and extraordinary archaeological legacy make it one of the most visited places in South America.

Today, thousands of travelers explore the Sacred Valley to discover the ancient Inca cities of Pisac and Ollantaytambo, visit the famous Maras salt terraces, admire the circular platforms of Moray and experience authentic encounters in Andean communities that still preserve ancestral traditions.

Location Cusco Region
Route Cusco to Machu Picchu
Legacy Inca Heartland
30
Kilometers from Cusco
15th
Century of Splendor
2,800
Meters Average Elevation
7+
Traditional Villages
History

The agricultural cradle of an empire

During the height of the Inca Empire, the Sacred Valley was one of the most important regions for agriculture, administration and territorial expansion. Thanks to its privileged climate, abundant water and fertile lands, the Incas developed advanced agricultural systems here that fed the city of Cusco and much of the empire.

The valley was connected by an extensive network of roads and strategically positioned administrative centers. Prominent Inca rulers such as Pachacutec, Túpac Yupanqui and Huayna Cápac built palaces, temples, agricultural terraces and fortresses that can still be seen throughout the region.

Today, the Sacred Valley preserves some of the most impressive archaeological complexes in Peru and offers one of the best opportunities to understand the true grandeur of the Inca civilization.

Geography

Between Cusco and Machu Picchu

The Sacred Valley of the Incas lies in the Cusco region, approximately 30 kilometers northeast of the city of Cusco. It stretches along the course of the Urubamba River — known in its upper section as the Vilcanota — passing through some of the most important towns in the region, including Pisac, Calca, Yucay, Urubamba, Maras, Chinchero and Ollantaytambo. Thanks to its strategic location, the Sacred Valley is one of the most popular excursions for anyone visiting Peru.

Region
Cusco
Southern Peru
Distance
30 km
Northeast of Cusco
River Valley
Urubamba
Also called Vilcanota
Ecosystem
Andean Valley
Fertile highlands
Altitude

Elevation across the valley

One of the great advantages of the Sacred Valley is that it sits at a lower altitude than Cusco, which makes acclimatization much easier for most travelers. This difference in elevation turns the Sacred Valley into an excellent place to rest before visiting Machu Picchu or attempting more demanding hikes.

Ollantaytambo
2,792 m
9,160 feet above sea level
Pisac
2,972 m
9,751 feet above sea level
Chinchero
3,762 m
12,342 feet above sea level
When to Visit

A privileged Andean climate

The Sacred Valley enjoys one of the finest climates in the Cusco region. Daytime temperatures generally range between 18°C and 24°C (64°F to 75°F), while nights are noticeably cooler. The moment you choose to visit shapes the atmosphere of your journey.

Dry Season April — October

Considered the best time to visit thanks to clear skies and excellent conditions for outdoor activities. Ideal for hiking, photography and exploring the archaeological sites.

Green Season November — March

The landscape turns lush and vividly green, offering spectacular scenery for photography and cultural tourism. Occasional rainfall requires waterproof clothing.

Main Attractions

What awaits along the valley

Every village along the Urubamba tells its own story. Discover the archaeological sites and traditional towns that define the Sacred Valley.

01 Pisac citadel and market
Citadel and Market

Pisac

Pisac is one of the most famous villages in the Sacred Valley, known for its impressive archaeological complex and its traditional artisan market. Set atop a mountain overlooking the valley, the Inca citadel of Pisac features spectacular agricultural terraces, ceremonial temples, hydraulic systems and some of the finest panoramic views in the region.

The Pisac market is one of the most well-known in Peru — an excellent place to find handicrafts, textiles, jewelry and souvenirs made by local artisans.

Inca citadel · Traditional artisan market
02 Ollantaytambo
Living Inca Town

Ollantaytambo

Ollantaytambo is considered one of the best-preserved Inca towns in the Americas and one of the most important archaeological gems in Peru. Its cobblestone streets, original water channels and stone constructions retain much of the urban design developed during the Inca Empire.

Today, Ollantaytambo also serves as the main railway station for travelers heading to Machu Picchu.

Best-preserved Inca town · Train hub to Machu Picchu
03 Maras salt mines
Ancestral Salt Terraces

Maras · the salt mines

The Maras salt terraces are one of the most striking landscapes in the Sacred Valley. Formed by thousands of evaporation pools used since pre-Inca times, they continue to produce salt in the same traditional way to this day.

The contrast between the white salt pools and the surrounding Andean mountains creates one of the most photographed scenes in all of Peru.

Pre-Inca origin · Still active today
04 Moray circular terraces
Agricultural Laboratory

Moray

Moray is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in the region. Its enormous concentric circular terraces functioned as an Inca agricultural laboratory, where different crops and microclimates were tested and studied.

The precision of its design and the complexity of its engineering make Moray one of the most intriguing stops in the Sacred Valley.

Inca agricultural science · Circular terraces
05 Chinchero village
The Rainbow Village

Chinchero

Known as the "Village of the Rainbow," Chinchero is famous for its Andean traditions, its textile centers and its impressive archaeological remains. Visitors can learn ancestral weaving techniques passed down from generation to generation for centuries.

The panoramic views of the snow-capped peaks and the Sacred Valley from here are simply spectacular.

Ancestral weaving · Panoramic views
More to Discover

Further essentials

Five more experiences that complete any journey through the Sacred Valley.

Temple of the Sun of Pisac

Temple of the Sun of Pisac

Considered one of the most important sectors of the Pisac archaeological complex, the Temple of the Sun stands out for its extraordinary stonework and for the astronomical and ceremonial functions it once served during the Inca era.

Fortress of Ollantaytambo

Fortress of Ollantaytambo

The monumental fortress of Ollantaytambo was one of the empire's main administrative, military and ceremonial centers. From its terraces you'll find some of the most impressive views of the Sacred Valley — and this is where the Incas won one of their few battles against the Spanish conquistadors.

Urubamba town

Urubamba

Known as the heart of the Sacred Valley, Urubamba is one of the most important towns in the region and an excellent base for exploring the surrounding attractions. Its pleasant climate, gastronomy and top-tier hotels make it a favorite place to stay.

Awana Kancha

Awana Kancha

Located on the way to Pisac, Awana Kancha offers a rare chance to encounter llamas, alpacas, vicuñas and guanacos up close — and to discover the traditional dyeing and weaving processes used by Andean communities for centuries.

Urubamba River

The Urubamba River

The Urubamba River — also called the Vilcanota in its upper reaches — is the natural spine of the Sacred Valley. Its course shaped the fertile lands the Incas farmed and today defines the route between Cusco, Ollantaytambo and Machu Picchu.

Final Reflection

Is the Sacred Valley worth visiting?

Absolutely. The Sacred Valley of the Incas is far more than a day trip from Cusco. It is a destination that brings together some of the most beautiful landscapes in Peru, impressive archaeological sites, villages full of history and unique cultural experiences.

Whether you are exploring the ruins of Pisac, walking through the fortress of Ollantaytambo, admiring the salt terraces of Maras or enjoying the privileged climate of Urubamba, the Sacred Valley delivers an unforgettable experience for any traveler seeking to discover the true heart of Inca culture.

If Machu Picchu is on your list, the Sacred Valley deserves to be right beside it.

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